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Alternatively, CSS Preprocessors (e.g., LESS, SASS) have been introduced as superset languages to extend CSS by supporting those missing constructs.
#Get css file back that prepros wrote over code#
However, CSS lacks most of the traditional programming constructs, including variables and functions, which enable code reuse and structured programming. Additionally, there is a significant number of presentation-preserving refactoring opportunities that can reduce the size of the CSS files and increase the maintainability of the code.Ĭascading Style Sheets (CSS) is the standard language for styling structured documents, such as HTML. Our findings show that duplication in CSS code is widely prevalent. We evaluate our technique on 38 real-world web systems and 91 CSS files, in total. Our approach uses preconditions that ensure the application of a refactoring will preserve the original document styling. More specifically, we have developed a technique that detects three types of CSS declaration duplication and recommends refactoring opportunities to eliminate those duplications. In this paper, we propose an automated approach to remove duplication in CSS code. Therefore, it is important to find ways to improve the maintainability of CSS code. The language exhibits complex features, such as inheritance, cascading and specificity, which make CSS code hard to maintain. CSS has been widely adopted in web and mobile development practice, since it enables a clean separation of content from presentation. The element's padding is highlighted in the viewport.Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a language used for describing the look and formatting of HTML documents. In the Box Model diagram in the Styles tab, hover over padding. Right-click the Change My Margin! element below and select Inspect. Use the Box Model interactive diagram in the Styles tab to change the width, height, padding, margin, or border length of an element. Toggling the :hover pseudostate on an element # Change the dimensions of an element The background color changes like before, even though you're not actually hovering over the element.įigure 5.
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Right-click the Hover Over Me! text and select Inspect.Ĭheck the :hover checkbox. Hover over the Hover Over Me! text below. DevTools supports :active, :focus, :hover, :visited, and others. Use the Styles tab to permanently apply a CSS pseudostate to an element. cls section of the Styles tab # Add a pseudostate to a class The color_me class has been applied to the element via the. If the Add A Class To Me! element had any other classes applied to it, you'd also be able to toggle them from here.įigure 4.
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A checkbox appears below the Add new class text box, where you can toggle the class on and off. Type color_me in the Add new class text box and then press Enter. DevTools reveals a text box where you can add classes to the selected element. Right-click the Add A Class To Me! element below and select Inspect.Ĭlick. Use the Styles tab to see how an element looks when a CSS class is applied to or removed from an element. The background-color:honeydew declaration has been applied to the element via the element.style section of the Styles tab # Add a CSS class to an element In the DOM Tree you can see that an inline style declaration was applied to the element.įigure 3. Right-click the Add A Background Color To Me! text below and select Inspect.Ĭlick element.style near the top of the Styles tab. Use the Styles tab when you want to change or add CSS declarations to an element. CSS classes being applied to the selected element, such as aloha, are displayed in the Styles tab # Add a CSS declaration to an element If you'd like to dock your DevTools window to the right of your viewport, like you see in Figure 1, see Change DevTools placement.įigure 2. The inspected element is highlighted blue in the DOM Tree